New Religious, Philosophical, and
Political Currents
U.S. History to 1877
The Church of England in America
Hierarchy
and order
Control of
vestry by the elite
By 1750
strong and well-established across the South
The Great Awakening, 1735-1745
From
Puritan to Yankee
“Outlivers,” greed,
contention, guilt
“Fire & brimstone”
& “harvests”
“New
Lights” & “Old Lights”
Jonathan Edwards
George Whitefield
Baptist
growth
Evangelical Calvinists
Evangelize the South
Violent
opposition in Virginia
The Enlightenment in America
From Age
of Faith to Age of Reason
Reason & nature
Science & progress
Enlightenment
in Religion
Deism
Unitarianism
Benjamin
Franklin
International hero of the
Enlightenment
Political Ideas
Ideal:
monarchy, aristocracy, democracy
English
“constitution”
Crown,
Lords, Commons
Ministers
& Commons
“Rotten
boroughs” & “placemen”
Colonial
“constitutions”
Governor,
council, assembly
Factions
& paper power
Independent
assemblymen
Political Ideas
Liberty
vs. power
“Wicked and
worthless” wars
Taxation
without representation
No juries
Catholicism
STANDING
ARMIES
Wars and Empire
America in
Europe’s wars
3 major
French-English wars before 1750
Started in
Europe; main theater in Europe; no decisive change in America
French
& Indian War, 1754-63
Started in
America; main theater in America; decisively changed America
Washington
at Ft. Duquesne
Albany
Plan of Union, 1754
Gen.
Braddock at Ft. Duquesne
Pitt turns
the tide, 1758-62
Peace
End of New
France, 1763
Pontiac’s
Rebellion, 1763
English-American
relationship transforms
Proclamation
Line of 1763